Charles
Dickens is said to have based this coming-of-age novel on his own life early in
the 1800s. Beginning with what he has been told of his birth, young adult David
Copperfield records events and reflects on his orphaned childhood, schooling,
employment, friendships, and loves. I found parts of this novel heartbreaking
and parts hilarious, but always thoughtfully described.
Even
as a young boy, David Copperfield’s sensitive observations are extraordinary.
At ten, he wonders how he could have been “so easily thrown away.” Also at ten,
he has the presence of mind to understand the source of his despair. “No words
can express the secret agony of my soul as I … felt my hopes of growing up to
be a learned and distinguished man crushed in my bosom.” [page 155 in my
edition]
The
situation eliciting these emotions is caused by the cruelty of his controlling
stepfather, Mr. Murdstone. Another clear villain in the novel is Uriah Heep.
David would not learn the extent of Heep’s vile schemes until he was in his
twenties, but even as a boy, he intuits something untrustworthy in Heep. For
example, after Heep says David’s aunt is a sweet lady, David observes, “He had
a way of writhing when he wanted to express enthusiasm, which was very ugly;
and which diverted my attention from the compliment he had paid my relation, to
the snaky twistings of his throat and body.” [page 235]
As
a young boy abandoned to harsh realities, David is naïve. I cringed every time
a new person took advantage of him. So many did, I’m surprised he does not grow
up to be bitter; rather, he grows up to be respectful. As an older teen, he
learns to discern how and when to protect himself as he moves toward people who
might exploit him.
I
feel the trajectory of character James Steerforth represents David’s maturity
in the area of trust. Eight-year-old David does not recognize the contempt in
his schoolmate’s nickname for him: Daisy. Steerforth’s villainy is narcissism,
at first admired by David and later loathed for the hurt it inflicts on people.
“If any one had told me, then, that all this was a brilliant game, played for
the excitement of the moment, for the employment of high spirits, in the thoughtless
love of superiority, in a mere wasteful careless course of winning what was
worthless to him and next minute thrown away: I say, if any one had told me
such a lie that night, I wonder in what manner of receiving it my indignation
would have found a vent!” [pages 310, 311]
My
heroine in this novel is not any of David’s paramours. A more loyal, loving
mother figure than his nurse Clara Peggotty cannot be found; I certainly was
grateful for her. But to my mind, his Aunt Betsey Trotwood rules! Although she
rejects David at birth for not being born a girl, she proves to be his champion
for the rest of his life. She recognizes Mr. Murdstone’s torment of David, and
when she in a fiery discourse dismisses him from her cottage, I jumped up and
cheered. Her subsequent actions and those of her simple-minded boarder, Mr.
Dick, were for me the delights of this novel.
In
David Copperfield, Dickens gives us
flawed characters, most richly portrayed, and vivid, sensory descriptions. I
could easily picture scenes. Humor comes in the forms of observational irony
(Mr. Dick’s kite, Dora's dog), dialogue (Mr. Micawber’s blustery attempts at eloquence),
descriptions (Thomas Traddles’ “hearth-broomy” hair), and quaint
characterizations (Dora’s aunts Miss Clarissa and Miss Lavinia). David Copperfield contains many other
humorous examples, some laugh-out-loud funny. Life’s tragedies and sadness are
plentiful, too. I found the novel emotionally engaging and David’s journey from
childhood to manhood admirable.